One of the central figures of the New York School, Mark Rothko is best known for his mature idiom, first seen in his paintings of 1949-large-scale compositions comprising stacked, hovering rectangular fields of luminous color.

Jeff Koons rose to prominence in the mid-1980s as part of a generation of artists who explored the meaning of art in a media-saturated era and the attendant crisis of representation.

The Matter of Time allows the viewer to perceive the evolution of the artist’s sculptural forms, from the relative simplicity of a double ellipse to the complexity of a spiral.

Born in Germany just months before the final European battle of World War II, Anselm Kiefer grew up witnessing the results of modern warfare and the division of his homeland.

Jeff Koons artist's work Tulips in the Guggenheim Bilbao Museum's Collection.

Eduardo Chillida studied architecture in Madrid from 1943 to 1947, before deciding to turn to painting and ultimately-after moving to Paris in 1948-to sculpture.

Jenny Holzer began her first series, Truisms, in 1977 as a distillation of an erudite reading list from the Whitney Independent Study Program in New York, where she was a student; by 1979 she had written several hundred of these one-liners.

Over a career that spanned some seven decades, Louise Bourgeois created a rich and ever-changing body of work that intersected with some of the leading avant-garde movements of the 20th century, including Surrealism, Abstract Expressionism, and Post-Minimalism, while remaining steadfast to her own singular creative vision.