Fujiko Nakaya

Studies at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, and concentrates on video art during the early years of her career. Moves to New York in the mid-1960s, where she becomes involved with Experiments in Art and Technology, an organization founded by Robert Rauschenberg and engineer Billy Klüver, among others, for collaborative projects between artists and engineers.

Makes her first fog sculpture, in the Pepsi Pavilion at Expo &#8217;70 in Osaka. Fog will become a recurring element in her work; she will also work in video throughout her career.

The video work Statics of an Egg is exhibited at the Tokyo Metropolitan Art Museum during the Tokyo Biennial. Creates a fog environment for American composer David Tudor&#8217;s Island Eye Island Ear on the island of Knavelskar in Sweden.

Takes part in the Second Biennale of Sydney with the installation Fog Sculpture #94768: Earth Talk, for which she receives the Australian Cultural Award.

Participates in the Festival of Light, Sound and Fog in Tochigi, Japan, for which she creates the fog sculpture Kawaji, in collaboration with artist Bill Viola. Creates Cloud Installation #72405 for the Eleventh International Sculpture Conference in Washington, D.C. Creates Cloud Installation #72503: Opal Loop in collaboration with the Trisha Brown Dance Company.

Creates a fog sculpture for the Miyagi Museum of Art in Sendai, Japan. Joins the design team for Shah Alam Lake Park inMalaysia.

Creates the installation Fog Sculpture #94925: Foggy Wake in a Desert: An Ecospshere for the sculpture garden of the Australian National Gallery in Canberra. Stages Fog Performance #47590: Kata-no-taiko at Inter- Design &#8217;82 in Central Park, Kanazawa, Japan.

Participates in the First International Water Sculpture Competition, organized by the New Orleans Museum of Art, with the work Louisiana Jump.

Designs the sets for the operetta Poemusica: Frog Fantasy, directed by H. Terasaki at the Setagaya Art Museum in Tokyo.

The fog sculpture Skyline , a collaboration with French architect Alain Pélissier, is installed at the Jardin de l&#8217;Eau in Parc de la Villette, Paris.

Patents a device for making fog sculptures.

Creates the installation Foggy Forest at Showa Kinen Park in Tokyo, for which she receives the Yoshida Isoya Prize. Creates the installation Misty Night Cherry Blossom at Foga Park in Tokyo and a fog installation and performance at the Taikoyama Observation Tower in Toyama, Japan.

Creates Spiral Fog for the Construction Art Pavilion at the Shinshu Expo in Matsumoto, Japan.

Creates Greenland Glacial Moraine Garden for the Museum of Snow and Ice in Kaga, Japan.

Creates a fog installation for the Mindscape Museum in Okazaki, Japan, and a fog fountain in Obihiro South Park in Obihiro, Japan.

Creates Fog Sculpture #08025 (F.O.G.) in conjunction with a Robert Rauschenberg retrospective at the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao.

Shows the fog sculpture Iris, a collaborative project with Japanese artist Shiro Takatani, at the I Bienal de las Artes de Va lencia in Valencia, Spain.

Nakaya&#8217;s Fog Screen Space: Opal Loop/Cloud , a collaboration with choreographer Trisha Brown, is shown in the exhibition Trisha Brown: Dance and Art in Dialogue at the Addison Gallery of American Art at Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts. The exhibition later travels to Houston, New York, and Seattle.

Creates a fog sculpture for Takeshi Yamada&#8217;s film Kikoyuruya.

Creates Fog Sculpture #28634: Dialogue for the exhibition Technology for Living: Experiments in Art and Technology at the Norrköpings Konstmuseum in Norrköpings, Sweden.

Creates the installation Fog Chamber-Riga #26422 for the exhibition Conversations with Snow and Ice at the Natural History Museum of Latvia in Riga.

Participates in Nuit Blanche in Toronto.

Participates in Yokohama Triennale 2008: Time Crevasse in Yokohama, Japan, and Singapore Biennale 2008 in Singapore. Awarded the Special Achievement Prize at the Japan Media Arts Festival in Tokyo.

Creates Cloud Sculpture for the work Opal Loop / Cloud Installation #72503, for the Trisha Brown Dance Company. Creates and exhibits the installations CLOUD FOREST Patio A and CLOUD FOREST Patio B for the Yamaguchi Center for Arts and Media, Yamaguchi, Japan. Her work is included in the exhibition Art, Anti-Art, Non-Art: Experiments in the Public Sphere in Postwar Japan, 1950-1970 at the University of Michigan Museum of Art (UMMA), Ann Arbor, Michigan. Participates in the exhibition Environment 2.0 at the LICA (Lancaster Institute for the Contemporary Arts), on the occasion of the FutureEverything 2010 Festival.

Creates the installation Cloud Parking in Linz for the exhibition Höhenrausch.2: Bridges in the Sky at Offenes Kulturhaus, Linz, Austria. The Dia Art Foundation, New York, premieres MoonRain , a theater piece by Robert Whitman set inside a fog environment designed by the artist. Creates and exhibits Stone. Fog in collaboration with artist Ojãrs Feldbergs at the Open-Air Art Museum, Pedvãle, Latvia.

Takes part in the 18th Sydney Biennale.

Fog Bridge #72494 is permanently installed at Exploratorium Pier 15 in San Francisco, USA.
Creates Fog Square in Paris as part of the city’s White Night.
Cloud Installation #07240 Standing Cloud is shown in the Domaine de Chaumont-sur-Loire, France.

Her work Veil is installed at the Philip Johnson Glass House in New Canaan, Connecticut, USA.

Nakaya’s fog installations in the UK can be seen at the Durham Cathedral and Pero’s Bridge in Bristol.

Becomes Commandeur dans l’Ordre des Arts et des Lettres of France.
Maison Hermès (Le Forum) Tokyo hosts an exhibition devoted to Fujiko and Ukichiro Nakaya.
Creates fog sculptures for Tate Modern in London and Centre Pompidou in Paris.

Nakaya is awarded the Praemium Imperiale in Japan.
Fog x FLO takes place in Boston—a project consisting of multiple installations across the city.
Her work is part of the group exhibition Primal Water, at Bellagio Gallery of Fine Art in Las Vegas, USA.
Sets up the Pathfinder permanent installation in Ekebergparken Sculpture Park in Oslo.

Nakaya, Fujiko

Fog Sculpture #08025 (F.O.G.)

Fujiko Nakaya’s biography and works on display at the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao

Biografía y obras: Nakaya, Fujiko | Guggenheim Museum Bilbao

Yoshitomo Nara

Born in Hirosaki, Aomori Prefecture, Japan, on December 5.

Since both his parents work, he is a “latchkey kid” – children who are at home without adult supervision for some part of the day, especially after school. Likes drawing and making cartoons, using every sheet of paper he finds at home. Grows up surrounded by animals.

Manufactures his own old radio – the kind of radio that was popular in those days – and listens to night radio shows. Falls in love with American rock and folk music, with its inspired lyrics against violence in the context of the Vietnam War.

Makes piece for his school’s contribution to the Aomori Nebuta Festival, including a geisha from the Suikoden novel illustrated by Katsushika Hokusai. The portrait is sublime, and highly praised by the school community.

Enrolls at the College of Art and Design, Musashino Art University.

In dire financial straits, Nara quits Musashino to join the Oil Painting Department at Aichi University of the Arts, which offers lower tuition fees. Breaking away from academic conventions, he finds inspiration in New European Painting. Expanding the boundaries of oil painting, adds new techniques like drawing and collage in his quest for a unique form of expression.

After completing his bachelor’s degree at Aichi University of the Arts, he pursues a master’s program.

After moving to Germany, he is admitted to the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf and enrolls as a regular student in September.

Lives in a residence where he meets fellow students from different countries and gets interested in their background cultures. This enriching experience will have a lasting influence on his life and work.
Designs cover for Mannaka Over the World, an album by local indie band The Birdy Num Nums. The design is titled Pandora’s Box.

Attends German artist A. R. Penck’s class, which he finds inspiring. A. R. Penck suggests painting on the canvas “as if he is drawing.” In his quest for a form of expression aimed at his own self rather than other people, he paints The Girl with the Knife in Her Hand, which will determine his style moving forward.

Commissioned by Naoko Yamano of the Japanese female trio Shōnen Knife, Nara produces a series of drawings for their album Happy Hour.
Holds first solo museum exhibition in the United States at the Institute of Visual Arts, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee.

A picture book, The Lonesome Puppy, is published by Magazine House. The book includes drawings by Nara.

Takes part in Super Flat, an exhibition based on Takashi Murakami’s concept of Superflat.
After twelve years in Germany, Nara moves back to Japan in August. As many as 130 of his drawings are added to the collection of the Museum of Modern Art, New York.

First solo exhibition in Japan (the most comprehensive so far): I DON’T MIND, IF YOU FORGET ME at the Yokohama Museum of Art.
Begins a series of biographical essays under the title Chiisana hoshi tsushin (The Little Star Dweller) in the December issue of H Rockin’On. The essays will continue through 2004.

For the first edition of visual magazine FOIL—under the theme of “No War”—, Nara travels to Afghanistan and submits photographs from his time there.
Takes part in group exhibition, Drawing Now: Eight Propositions at MoMA QNS, New York

Working with Osaka-based design firm Graf, Nara presents a set of three container style rooms, leading onto further joint projects.

Provides artwork for the album banging the drum by Bloodthirsty Butchers, a Japanese alternative rock band who are also close friends of Nara’s. On commission from the Hiroshima City Museum of Contemporary Art, creates a work with the image of the atomic bomb in mind: Missing in Action —Girl Meets Boy.

Designs a colossal sculpture, Aomori-ken (Aomori Dog), to welcome visitors in the opening of the Aomori Museum of Art.
Moves to Nasushiobara, Tochigi Prefecture, and sets up his studio here.

Stages solo exhibitions with Graf in Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, and other countries.

On March 11, Japan is ravaged by the Tōhoku earthquake, tsunami, and subsequent Fukushima nuclear accident — a series of emotionally disturbing events with a long-lasting impact on Nara’s position as an artist, in the face of the violence of nature, and the pain and suffering it can cause in people. No Nukes (1998), which had been used in anti-nuclear protests in Bangkok, Thailand, is featured in placards against nuclear energy in Japan with the artist’s consent.

In April, having returned from Aichi, Nara takes up the brush again to make paintings like Miss Spring, which contain references to the latest events and become icons of the anti-nuclear movement. Nara’s girls are shown in protests across the country, as well as in No Nukes 2012, a festival calling for a ban of nuclear weapons and power plants.

Takes part in Damage Control: Art and Destruction since 1950, a group exhibition exploring destruction and the role of art in the atomic age at the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Washington, D.C.

In March, under the auspices of the NGO Japan Platform, Nara visits the Syrian refugee camps in Jordan.
In August, the Yoshitomo Nara Foundation is established to preserve, exhibit, and promote the artist’s work and materials.

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, all his shows have to be rescheduled. The first international full-scale retrospective, Yoshitomo Nara, at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, is delayed and finally opens the following year.

The Art Gallery of Western Australia in Perth presents his first Australian solo exhibition: Yoshitomo Nara: Reach Out to the Moon, Even if We Can’t. It brings together the artist’s major sculptural works produced after the Great East Japan Earthquake.
Solo exhibition with a focus on drawings, All My Little Words, held at the Albertina Museum, Vienna.
Second solo exhibition at the Aomori Museum of Art: The Beginning Place.

Latest solo exhibition at the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, to travel to the Frieder Burda Museum, Baden-Baden, in the fall (first large retrospective in Germany) and to the Hayward Gallery–Southbank Centre, London, in summer 2025.

Nara, Yoshitomo

Midnight Tears

Datos biográficos de Yoshitomo Nara y las obras expuestas en el Museo Guggenheim Bilbao

Biografía y obras: Nara, Yoshitomo | Guggenheim Museum Bilbao

Miquel Navarro

Begins to paint, especially on paper.

Participates in the group show Nuestro yo at the Círculo Universitario de Valencia in Valencia, Spain. Drops out of the fine arts program at the Escuela Superior de Bellas Artes de San Carlos in Valencia.

Begins to focus primarily on sculpture. Has his first solo show, at Galería Tessili in Oviedo, Spain.

Creates La ciutat 1973-1974, the first of his series of cities. Exhibits at Galería Val i 30 in Valencia.

Has his first sculpture exhibition, titled La ciutat, at the Colegio de Arquitectos in Valencia. Gives up painting to devote himself exclusively to sculpture.

Exhibits one of the La ciutat series in an installation at Galería Buades in Madrid.

Exhibits at Galería Juana de Aizpuru in Seville.

Creates Pirámide 1978-1979. Participates in the group show Katalanische Funts des 20 Jahrhunderts at the Staatliche Kunsthalle in Berlin.

Navarro&#8217;s work is included in the group exhibition Images from Spain at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York. The exhibition later travels to various venues in the United States.

Participates in the IV Bienal de Coltejer in Medellín, Colombia.

Presents several sculptural installations, along with drawings and watercolors, at Galería Fernando Vijante in Madrid, under the title Esculturas, acuarelas, dibujos 1972-1982. Participates in the XII Biennale de Paris.

Creates La ciutat 1984-1985 and Font Pública, a 75- foot-high fountain that commemorates the transfer of water from the Júcar River to Valencia.

Awarded the Premio Nacional de Artes Plásticas by the Spanish Ministry of Culture. Represents Spain at the XLII Biennale di Venezia, along with Ferran García Sevilla, José María Sicilia, and Cristina Iglesias. Creates a public fountain in Turis, Spain.

Receives the Premio Alfons Roig, awarded by the government of Valencia.

A small anthological exhibition of Navarro&#8217;s work is held at the Sala Parpalló in Valencia, Galería Gamarra y Garrigues in Madrid, and Galeria Joan Prats in Barcelona.

Exhibits at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía in Madrid. His 55-foot-tall sculpture Minerva paranoica is installed in the Palacio de Cristal in Madrid.

Receives the Premio CEOE a las Artes. Installs the sculpture Torre del sonido at the Universidad Carlos III in Madrid.

Navarro&#8217;s sculpture Fraternitat is installed in Barcelona.

Exhibits at the Musée National d&#8217;Art Moderne, Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris. Installs the public fountain Boca de luna in Brussels.

Receives the Premio Nacional de la Asociación de Críticos de Arte at ARCO &#8217;95 in Madrid.

Miquel&#8217;s World opens at the Chicago Cultural Center in Chicago. The show travels to the Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Monterrey in Monterrey, Mexico, and the Museo de Arte Moderno in Mexico City.

Installs Casco industrial in Bilbao and Andarín in Gijón, Spain.

Receives the Prix International d&#8217;Art Contemporain de Monte-Carlo. Participates in Den Haag Sculptuur 2000 in the Hague. Installs the sculpture Vigía in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.

Has a solo exhibition at the Kunsthalle Faust in Hannover.

Navarro&#8217;s work is presented at Marlborough New York. Participates in the exhibition Art in Spain, 1977-2000 at Manege Gallery in Moscow. Navarro&#8217;s sculpture La mirada is installed in the plaza of Artium, Centro Museo Vasco de Arte Contemporáneo in Vitoria, Spain. Receives the Distinción de la Generalitat Valenciana al Mérito Cultural.

The Guggenheim Museum acquires the sculpture Ciudad muralla and presents it in Bilbao. With the collaboration of the Instituto Cervantes, exhibits Una urbe en tus manos in Amman, Jordan; Beirut, Lebanon; and Taipei. Participates in the exhibition La ciudad que nunca existió at the Centre de Cultura Contemporània de Barcelona and the Museo de Bellas Artes in Bilbao. The sculpture El parotet is installed in Valencia, Spain, and Palas fundición is installed in Ceuti, Spain.

Commissioned to create an altarpiece for Burgos Cathedral in Burgos, Spain. More than three hundred works from the period 1964-2005 are presented in an exhibition at the Institut Valencià d&#8217;Art Modern in Valencia, Spain. Navarro&#8217;s work is included in the exhibition ArchiSculpture: Dialogues between Architecture and Sculpture from the 18th Century to the Present Day at the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao.

The exhibition of the Institut Valencià d&#8217;Art Modern is shown at the Fundación Caixa Galicia in Ferrol, Spain. Takes part in Homage to Chillida at the GuggenheimMuseum Bilbao. Navarro&#8217;s work is included in Tiempos de libertad (1975-2000) at the Sala Kubo del Palacio Kursaal in San Sebastián, Spain.

Navarro&#8217;s work is shown in the exhibitions Ojos de mar at the Institut Valencià d&#8217;Art Modern in Valencia, Spain, and Dibujos at Galería Elvira González in Madrid.

The solo exhibition opens at the Musée National d&#8217;Art Moderne, Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris. The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao presents the show Laboratories: Insights into the Permanent Collection: Miquel Navarro. Participates in the exhibitions World Record: Art and Sport at the Iberia Center for Contemporary Art in Beijing and Josep Suñol Collection: Second Part, 1970-2001 at Fundació Suñol in Barcelona.

Navarro&#8217;s work is featured in the exhibition La escultura en la colección del IVAM at the Institut Valencià d&#8217;Art Modern in Valencia, Spain.

The work L&#8217;Almassil is installed in the town square of Mislata, Valencia. His work is included in the painting and sculpture fund-raiser for UNICEF held at the Palau de la Música, Valencia. Exhibits work together with other artists at The International 3, Manchester, and Institut Valencià d&#8217;Art Modern (IVAM), Valencia.

The show Figuras para la batalla is presented outside the Cidade da Cultura de Galicia, Santiago de Compostela. Together with journalist Rafa Marí he presents the artistic project 12 ciudades del mundo at the Institut Valencià d&#8217;Art Modern (IVAM), Valencia. Named favorite son in Mislata, Valencia.

Has his work Cabeza Pensante set up as a temporary installation in Plaza del Patriarca, in Valencia, Spain. 
Ciudad y cuerpo opens at Galería Capa Esculturas in Madrid. 
Exhibits Beneath the Moon II: Journey through the City at the San Diego Museum of Art in San Diego, USA.

Semences néolithiques opens at the Centre d’Art Contemporain A Cent Mètres du Centre du Monde in Perpignan, France. 
Miquel Navarro at IVAM’s Collection opens at IVAM – Institut Valencià d’Art Modern in Valencia, Spain.

Galería Fernández-Braso hosts Miquel Navarro. Monumentos y multitud in Madrid.

The 1st Biennal de Mislata Miquel Navarro is held.

Miquel Navarro. Arqueologías imaginarias opens at Sala Kubo-Kutxa Areto in Donostia/San Sebastián.

Fundación Bancaja presents Fluids in Valencia, Spain.

Navarro, Miquel

Wall City

Your World, Your City

Miquel Navarro’s biography and works on display at the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao

Biografía y obras: Navarro, Miquel | Guggenheim Museum Bilbao

Ernesto Neto

Born Ernesto Saboia de Albuquerque Neto in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, where he now lives and works.

First solo exhibition held at Petite Galerie, Rio de Janeiro.
Produces his first Colônias, groups of sculptures made of polmymide stockings filled with lead spheres.

Awarded the Prêmio Brasília de Artes Plásticas.

Exhibits at the Museu de Arte Moderna de São Paulo.

Studies at Escola de Artes Visuais do Parque Lage and at the Museu de Arte Moderna in Rio de Janeiro.

First solo exhibitions outside Brazil.
Participates in the Gwangju Biennale in South Korea.

Begins to include the element of smell in his sculptures, filling translucent fabrics with colorful aromatic spices.

Begins work on sculptures he calls Naves, structures in flexible transparent fabric that can be touched and penetrated by the public.
Exhibits at Fundação Cultural do Distrito Federal de Brasília.

Exhibits at Museo de Arte Carrillo Gil in Mexico City.
Participates in the 24th São Paulo Biennial and in the 11th Biennale of Sydney.

The Contemporary Arts Museum in Houston, Texas, presents his first solo exhibition in the USA, titled Nhó Nhó Nave.
Participates in the Liverpool Biennia, and in the Carnegie International in Pittsburgh, USA.

Museu de Arte Moderna, Rio de Janeiro, exhibits the project created by the artist for his wedding: O casamento─Lili, Neto, Lito e os loucos.
His works are presented in the UK at the Institute of Contemporary Art, London and at the University of Essex in Colchester; and in the USA at the SITE Contemporary Art Center in Santa Fe, New Mexico and at the Wexner Center for the Arts in Columbus, Ohio.

Represents his country, together with Vik Muniz, at the 49th Venice Biennale, exhibiting two installations in Brazil&#8217;s national pavilion. His work Ô Bicho! is included in the international group exhibition Plateau of Humankind (Arsenale di Venezia)
Centro Galego de Arte Contemporánea (CGAC) in Santiago de Compostela organizes his first solo exhibition at a Spanish museum: Ernesto Neto, a paisagem do corpo e o corpo da paisagem
Presents A Maximum Minimum Time Space Between Us and the Parsimonious Universe at the Berkeley Art Museum, California, USA, and Humanóides at the Kölnischer Kunstverein, Cologne).

Participates in the travelling exhibition Brazil: Body and Soul, organized by the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York. 
His work is exhibited at the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden in Washington, D.C, the Kunsthalle, Basel, the Württembergischer Kunstverein, Stuttgart, and the Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney.

The Museum of Contemporary Art (MOCA), Los Angeles, exhibits Three Religions, No God and the Children (Pacific Design Center).

As part of the international sculpture show Lustwarande 04, the De Pont Museum in Tilburg, Netherlands, presents A Contemporary Woman and the Shadow of the Wind.

Exhibits work at the Indianapolis Museum of Art, Indiana, USA.

Awarded the Chevalier de l&#8217;Ordre des Arts et des Lettres de Francia for his site-specific installation Léviathan Thot at the Panthéon in Paris. The Malmö Konsthall, Sweden, presents a selection of his work.

Creates an installation for the Museum of Contemporary Art San Diego (MCASD) to mark the opening of the museum&#8217;s new exhibition spaces.

Museo d&#8217;Arte Contemporanea di Roma (MACRO) presents his first solo exhibition in Italy.

Creates Anthropodino, filling the 55,000 square-foot Drill Hall of New York’s Park Avenue Armory with structures made of transparent fabric and wood.
The Musée des Beaux-Arts in Nantes, France, presents the piece A culpa Civilizada, a partial recreation of Léviathan Thot.

The Hayward Gallery, Southbank Centre, London, presents The Edges of the World, an exhibition which includes the artist&#8217;s first outdoor installation.
Dengo is presented at the Museu de Arte Moderna, São Paulo; Intimacy, at the Astrup Fearnley Museet, Oslo, and Dancing Allowed, at the Contemporary Arts Center Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York, installs Navedenga (1998), purchasing the work for its collection.
Participates in the 29th São Paulo Biennial.

Museo de Arte Contemporáneo (MARCO), Monterrey, Mexico, presents the anthological exhibition La lengua de Ernesto. Obras 1987−2011. An important publication accompanies the show.
The Faena Arts Center of Buenos Aires presents the exhibition Hipercultura locura en el vértigo del mundo.
Participates in the 12th Istanbul Biennial.

Creates a site-specific installation at the Nasher Sculpture Center, Dallas, featuring a metal sculpture that carries on a dialogue with the architecture of the Renzo Piano-designed gallery.
Life is a body we are part of−A vida é um corpo do qual fazemos parte is installed at Espace Louis Vuitton Tokyo, and O Bicho SusPenso na PaisaGem, at Rio de Janeiro’S Estação Leopoldina.

Exhibits at Palazzo Doria Phamphilj, home of the Brazilian embassy in Rome. Participates in the 30th São Paulo Biennial and in the 11th Sharjah Biennial, United Arab Emirates.

The Body That Carries Me held at the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao. Gratitude installed at the Aspen Art Museum (USA). Haux Haux shown at the Arp Museum Bahnhof Rolandseck (Remagen, Germany). The Body That Gravitates on Me on view at The Aldrich Contemporary Art Museum (Ridgefield, USA) and O protesto e a serpente at Elba Benítez Gallery (Madrid, Spain).

Sacred Secret on view at Thyssen-Bornemisza Art Contemporary-TBA21 (Vienna, Austria) and Kunsthalle Krems (Krems an der Donau, Austria).

Yubẽ Jibóia Boa on view at Kiasma-Museum of Contemporary Art (Helsinki, Finland) and The Jaguar and the Boa installed at KUNSTEN-Museum of Modern Art (Aalborg, Denmark). The Serpent&#8217;s Energy Gave Birth to Humanity solo exhibition at Tanya Bonakdar Gallery (New York, USA).

Um Sagrado Lugar (A Sacred Place, 2017) on view at the Pavilion of the Shamans in the 57th Venice Biennale. 
The exhibition O Sagrado é Amor opens at Fortes D’Aloia &amp; Gabriel in São Paulo, Brazil. 
Presents his installation Water Falls from My Breast to the Sky at the Museum of Contemporary Art Chicago, USA. 
His work is included in Art and Space, an exhibition of the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao.

Installs his monumental work GaiaMotherTree in Zurich Main Station (Switzerland) with the support of the Fondation Beyeler, Basel.

Neto, Ernesto

Ernest Neto is one of Brazil&#8217;s pre-eminent artists. His inviting installations are immersive habitats that engulf us in a sensual world. He began exhibiting internationally in 1995 and since the he has shown his work in major museums and galleries around the world

White Bubble

Ernesto Neto’s biography and works on display at the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao

Biografía y obras: Neto, Ernesto | Guggenheim Museum Bilbao

Itziar Okariz

Begins studying fine arts at the Universidad del País Vasco, specializing in sculpture and painting; graduates in 1990.

Receives a subsidy from the provincial government of Guipúzcoa.

Receives a grant from the government of Guipúzcoa. Wins third prize at the XXXIV Certamen de Artistas Noveles de Guipúzcoa in San Sebastián.

Okariz&#8217;s work is included in the exhibitions Travessies liminars at La Capella in Barcelona and Anys 90: Distància zero at the Centre d&#8217;Art Santa Mònica, also in Barcelona.

Wins first prize for engraving in the Gure Artea competition, sponsored by the Basque government. Exhibits at Area 2-Sala Rekalde in Bilbao. Takes part in the exhibitions Territorios indefinidos at the Museu d&#8217;Art Contemporani d&#8217;Elx in Elche, Spain, and Otros mundos posibles at Galería Cruce in Madrid.

Galería Espai Lucas in Valencia, Spain, and Galería Antonio de Barnola in Barcelona mount exhibitions of Okariz&#8217;s work. Takes part in Érase una vez del minimal al cabaret,70&#8217;s-90&#8217;s: Programa de vídeos realizados por mujeres , shown at the Museo Centro de Arte Reina Sofía in Madrid and later at the Museo Andaluz de Arte Contemporáneo in Seville.

Together with Jesús Segura, takes part in the exhibition Cicle: El jo divers at the Sala Montcada, Fundació &#8220;la Caixa&#8221; in Barcelona. Okariz&#8217;s work is featured in two group exhibitions: Open Salvo at the White Box Gallery and Siesta Over at the Sideshow Gallery, both in New York.

The solo exhibition Sweetest is shown at the Casa de Cultura Jareño in San Sebastián. Okariz&#8217;s work is included in the exhibitions El punto ciego: Arte español de los años 90 at the Kunstraum Innsbruck in Innsbruck, Austria, and Trans Sexual Express at Fundación Bilbao Arte Fundazioa in Bilbao; the latter exhibition later travels to Gijon and Corunna, Spain, and Budapest. Takes part in the Skin Dive arts festival in Kyoto and the Verbindingen/Jonctions media festival in Brussels.

Receives a grant from the Fundación Marcelino Botín in Santander, Spain. Enrolls in the Independent Study Program at the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York.

Okariz&#8217;s work is featured in the exhibition Gaur, hemen, orain at the Museo de Bellas Artes in Bilbao. Participates in the XLIX Biennale di Venezia.

Participates in Llocs de pas: 8è cicle d&#8217;intervencions al vestíbul at the Centre Social i Cultural, Fundació &#8220;la Caixa&#8221; in Lleida, Spain. Takes part in the exhibition Monocanal at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía in Madrid; the exhibition later travels to Corunna, Murcia, Valladolid, San Sebastián, Gijón, and Barcelona.

Presents the exhibition Made with U.S.A. Standard at Galería Moisés Pérez de Albéniz in Pamplona. Takes part in Encuentro internacional de espacios de arte independientes in Valparaíso, Chile.

Okariz&#8217;s work is featured in the exhibitions Para todos los públicos at the Sala Rekalde in Bilbao, Dancing at La Casa Encendida in Madrid, and Attitude at c/o &#8211; Atle Gerhardsen in Berlin.

The solo exhibitions Trepar edificios and Curating the Campus 2007: To Pee in Public and Private Spaces are presented at Adhoc Galería in Vigo, Spain, and deSingel in Antwerp, respectively. Okariz&#8217;s work is included in the exhibitions Existencias at the Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Castilla y León in León, Spain, Chacun à son goût at the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, and Kiss Kiss Bang Bang at the Museo de Bellas Artes in Bilbao.

Presents the exhibition Ghost Box at the Sala Rekalde in Bilbao. Performs Irrintzi in New York. Okariz&#8217;s work is shown in Exclusiones/Censorship at the Galería Moisés Pérez de Albéniz in Pamplona, Be Marginal, Be a Hero at Thrust Projects in New York, and a group exhibition, The Furious Gaze, at the Centro Cultural Montehermoso in Vitoria, Spain.

Exhibits at Galería Carreras Múgica in Bilbao. Teaches the performance workshop &#8220;Pattern Recognition/ Reconocimiento de patrones&#8221; at the Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Castilla y León in León, Spain.

Creates a performance for the Ellas Crean Festival stand at the ARCO contemporary art fair. Presents the performance Contrariwise, 2010 as part of the activities in conjunction with the exhibition Picasso ante Degas at the Picasso Museum in Barcelona. Her work is featured in two group exhibitions: Like a river that stops being a river or like a tree that is burning on the horizon without knowing it is burning at the Temporary Gallery Cologne, Germany, and Antes de Todo at the Centro de Arte Dos de Mayo, Móstoles, Madrid.

Creates the performance Si yo soy yo, y tú eres tú, ¿quién es más tonto de los dos? for the group exhibition I WAS A MALE YVONNE DE CARLO. El arte crítico puede ser sofisticado, incluso entretenido at the Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Castilla y León (MUSAC), León.

Uno, uno, dos, uno is on show at Galería CarrerasMugica in Bilbao.

Offers the performance Variation sur le même t’aime, in the context of the exhibition Le Maison, organized by Fundación BilbaoArte Fundazioa in Bilbao. 
The work ∏ is included in the Irregular Section of Mercat de les flors: Casa de la Dansa in Barcelona (Spain). 
Participates in the performance cycle Un número finito de acciones determinadas, organized by MUSAC – Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Castilla y León in León, Spain.

Takes part in the performance and dance program Black Box White Cube: Acts of Language, at CA2M – Centro de Arte Dos de Mayo in Madrid, and later, in Outside of Black Box and White Cube, organized by the Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein. 
Makes Una habitación propia. VW. Berrirakurtzen at Koldo Mitxelena Kulturunea in Donostia/San Sebastián. Participates in group exhibitions Suturak // Cerca a lo próximo, at San Telmo Museoa in Donostia/San Sebastián, and El contrato, held in Alhóndiga Bilbao.

Resonance. Concerts for Another Listening opens at Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía (MNCARS) in Madrid. 
Exhibition 51 sueños, entre el dos de octubre y el veintiuno de noviembre de 2014 at Galería Moisés Pérez de Albéniz in Madrid.

Holds the solo exhibitions Diario de sueños. Septiembre in etHALL in Barcelona (Spain) and Dream Diary at the Kunsthaus Baselland in Muttenz (Switzerland).

Several solo exhibitions are organized, such as Itziar Okariz: &#8230; una construcción, es decir, una jerarquía de momentos, expresiva de cierto concepto grande o pequeño, abstracto esotérico, at CA2M – Centro de Arte Dos de Mayo in Madrid, and Itziar Okariz. I Never Said Umbrella, at the Tabakalera – International Center for Contemporary Culture in Donostia/San Sebastián. The installation Oscuros, como de noche is on display in Galería CarrerasMugica in Bilbao. 
Makes her first performance, Irrintzi Repetition, in BOZAR – Centre for Fine Arts in Brussels, and participates in Idiorritmias, at the Museu d’Art Contemporani de Barcelona (MACBA), Spain.

Itziar Okariz. Respiración y otros sonidos is on view at Centre d’Art la Panera in Lleida, Spain. 
Exhibits work with Sergio Prego in the Spanish Pavilion of the Venice Biennale.

Okariz, Itziar

Irrintzi

Itziar Okariz’s biography and works on display at the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao

Biografía y obras: Okariz, Itziar | Guggenheim Museum Bilbao

Yoko Ono

Yoko Ono is born in Tokyo on February 18, 1933. Yoko moves with her family, living in San Francisco, New York, and Tokyo. She receives classical musical instruction, primarily in piano and voice.

Yoko Ono returns to Japan in 1941 and spends several years there. She survives the devastating bombardment of Tokyo in March of 1945.

Yoko Ono is admitted to Gakushūin University as its first female student of philosophy. There, she is introduced to Existentialism and Marxism and other forms of philosophy, and becomes acquainted with the pacifist ideas. She leaves the university after two semesters and follows her family to New York, where she enrolls at Sarah Lawrence College, majoring in contemporary poetry and composition.

She withdraws from college. She meets the avant-garde composer Toshi Ichiyanagi and lives with him in Manhattan. She meets John Cage and gets in touch with Morton Feldman, Richard Maxfield, David Tudor, and Merce Cunningham. In 1959, Ono makes the first of many appearances in front of small audiences and begins to make a name for herself as an independent artist. With her composition Lighting Piece (1955) (first performed in 1961), Ono is one of the very first artists to create event scores.

Yoko Ono rents a loft on Chambers Street in New York where, with La Monte Young, she organizes events and concerts. Their guests include Marcel Duchamp, Peggy Guggenheim, and George Maciunas. In this context she presents her Instruction Paintings which are shown again at her first solo exhibition at Maciunas’s AG Gallery in New York.

Yoko Ono returns to Japan and remains in Tokyo until 1964. She stages her first solo concert and exhibition, featuring a number of her Instructions for Paintings, at the Sogetsu Art Center. At the same venue, Ono appears in a performance of John Cage and performs other pieces with Cage and David Tudor.

Yoko Ono meets Anthony Cox. They get married and their daughter Kyoko Cox is born on August 3, 1963. During this period, Nam June Paik arrives in Tokyo and performs with Ono. In 1964 she performs Morning Piece, in which she offers past and future mornings for sale. She publishes the artist´s book Grapefruit containing a collection of her Instructions. Ono performs Cut Piece and Bag Piece, at the “Contemporary American Avant-Garde Music Concert: Insound and Instructure” in Kyoto. In the winter of 1964/65, Ono and Cox move to New York. There, Ono initiates a number of postcard events including Draw Circle Event.

The concert entitled “New Works of Yoko Ono” is presented at the Carnegie Recital Hall in New York. Ono takes part in a number of Fluxus events and performs Beat Piece for the first time in Perpetual Fluxfest presents Yoko Ono. A second major concert entitled “Fluxorchestra at Carnegie Recital Hall” features her Sky Piece for Jesus Christ. She stages her first “imaginary pieces” events or exhibitions that are merely announced and take place only in the minds of the audience.

Yoko Ono realizes Blue Room Event for in her own apartment and then in the Everson Museum, Syracuse and in the MoMA, New York. She participates in several performances at the Destruction in Art Symposium (DIAS) and presents a solo exhibition at Indica Gallery, London, where she meets for the first time John Lennon. In 1966/67, Ono makes the long version of Film No. 4. (Bottoms). The film, initially censored in Great Britain, premieres in 1967. Her Lion Wrapping Event, in which Ono wraps a large sculpture of a lion in cloth, takes place at Trafalgar Square. The Lisson Gallery opens her major solo exhibition Half-A-Wind Show.

In addition to concert appearances, Yoko Ono and John Lennon produce their first joint performance Acorn Event and perform earlier works by Ono, including Bag Piece. The first two of joint film productions, Two Virgins and Film No. 5 (Smile), premiere in Chicago and their first album, Unfinished Music No. 1: Two Virgins, is released.

Yoko Ono and John Lennon are married in Gibraltar on March 20. Their film Rape is presented for the first time that month. In place of a honeymoon and in support of world peace, they perform Bed-In for Peace at the Hilton Hotel in Amsterdam. During the presentation of the same performance at the Queen Elizabeth Hotel in Montreal, they record the song Give Peace a Chance. Large billboards and posters are set up in twelve cities around the world; they display the words War Is Over! (if you want it). In the Acorns for Peace action, they send acorns to ninety-six heads of state and international political figures. They make Peace-Phonecalls to various radio stations.

Yoko Ono makes her films Freedom and Fly. Apotheosis, Erection, and Imagine, which are produced in collaboration with Lennon, are shown at a number of film festivals. Yoko Ono presents the retrospective This is Not Here at the Everson Museum in Syracuse, New York. The exhibition, conceived in collaboration with Maciunas, features the first presentation of Water Event and AMAZE, as well as several Dispensers, from which visitors can insert coins and receive capsules filled with air, acorns or other things. For her “imaginary event” Museum of Modern (F)art, Ono holds an exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art. The exhibition is advertised, and a catalog is published.

Yoko Ono and John Lennon receive the Positive Image of Women Award presented by the National Organization of Women for their songs Woman is the Nigger of the World and Sisters, O Sisters. Ono’s first straight pop album, the double LP Approximately Infinite Universe is released. In 1972 she exhibits at Documenta 5. Ono and Lennon´s son Sean Tara is born on October 9, 1975.

Yoko Ono, John Lennon, and their son take two extended trips to Japan. The couple withdraws progressively from public exposure. John Lennon is shot and killed on December 8, 1980.

The videos Walking on Thin Ice and Goodbye Sadness are released along with several singles and the LPs Season of Glass and It’s Alright (I see Rainbows). Ono is awarded a Grammy for album of the year for the last LP she recorded with Lennon. Strawberry Fields, the memorial to Lennon, designed by Ono, is dedicated in New York’s Central Park.

In 1989 her solo exhibition, Yoko Ono: Objects, Films, is presented at the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York. The show includes the premiere presentation of her new bronze sculptures. The exhibition entitled Yoko Ono: The Bronze Age is presented in several cities in the US and Europe. One of the curators is the artist and Fluxus expert Jon Hendricks, who would be involved in many of Ono’s projects from then on.

The exhibition entitled Yoko Ono: In Facing is held at the Riverside Studios in 1990. She is represented at the Venice Biennale, at which Fluxus was a focal theme. A cinema retrospective, first presented at the American Federation of Arts in New York, embarks on a world tour. In 1992 The Onobox CD collection, that includes new recordings as well as reissues of her previous music, is released. Ono develops concepts for a number of public events, including the massive installation Yoko Ono: A Celebration of Being Human in Langenhagen, Germany. The spectacular projection event Yoko Ono: Lighting Piece is presented in an urban setting in Florence.

Her Rising album of 1995 is released as a remix. Yoko Ono tours the US and Europe with Sean Lennon’s IMA band. She is one of the first artists to participate in internet-based exhibitions as the group show Internet 1996 World Exposition and the solo show Yoko Ono: One Woman Show, presented on the website of the Los Angeles Museum of Contemporary Art. She continues to participate in physical exhibitions, including Yoko Ono: Conceptual Photography at the Fotografisk Center in Copenhagen, Yoko Ono: En Trance &#8211; Ex It in Alicante and Valencia, Spain, and the retrospective Yoko Ono: Have You Seen a Horizon Lately?, with venues in Great Britain, Germany, Finland, and Israel.

YES Yoko Ono, the most extensive retrospective devoted to the artist to date, is shown at the Japan Society in New York in 2000 and subsequently presented at numerous venues in North America, Korea and Japan.
In 2003, Ono performs Cut Piece once again at the age of seventy in Paris. She participates in the Liverpool Biennial.

Yes, I’m a Witch, a remix album, is released in 2007. Her Imagine Peace Tower is inaugurated in Reykjavik. In 2008, the retrospective Yoko Ono: Between the Sky and My Head is presented at the Kunsthalle Bielefeld, Germany and at the Baltic Art Centre, Gateshead, Great Britain. In 2009 Ono is awarded the Golden Lion for lifetime achievement at the fifty-third Venice Biennale. Between My Head and the Sky, the first album since 1973 made by the Plastic Ono Band, which now includes Sean Lennon, is released.

For the first time in many years, Yoko Ono gathers former members of the Plastic Ono Band for a concert. In 2011/2012 she receives multiple honors for her life’s work, including the Hiroshima Art Prize, the Oskar Kokoschka Prize, and the Lifetime Achievement Award at the Dublin Biennial. Her To the Light exhibition is presented at the Serpentine Gallery in London. In 2013–14 Yoko Ono. Half-A-Wind Show. A Retrospective in honor of her eightieth birthday is presented at the Schirn Kunsthalle Frankfurt, the Louisiana Museum in Humblebaek, Denmark, the Kunsthalle Krems in Austria and the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, in Spain.

Ono, Yoko

1933–1940 Yoko Ono is born in Tokyo on February 18, 1933. Yoko moves with her family, living in San Francisco, New York, and Tokyo. She receives classical musical instruction, primarily in piano and voice.
1941–1951 Yoko Ono returns to Japan in 1941 and spends several years there. She survives the devastating bombardment of Tokyo in March of 1945.

Artists

N

Fujiko Nakaya

Yoshitomo Nara

Miquel Navarro

Ernesto Neto

O

Itziar Okariz

Yoko Ono

Aitor Ortiz

Jorge Oteiza

P

Pablo Palazuelo

Juan Pérez Agirregoikoa

Javier Pérez

Sigmar Polke

Sergio Prego

R

Robert Rauschenberg

Alex Reynolds

Gerhard Richter

James Rosenquist

Mark Rothko

#MYGUGGENHEIMBILBAO